mosesbuch4184

The improve is therefore an ongoing obstacle, specifically floor traditional wave (Found) detectors. Within, only a certain aspect technique (FEM) simulation utilizing COMSOL Multiphysics software programs are very first accustomed to imitate the particular physical as well as electric qualities involving SAW delay line. Outcomes reveal that Second setting makes it possible for to be able to properly obtain just about all relevant variables, as with 3 dimensional simulation, along with extremely substantial occasion saving. A great agreement between calculation along with experiment, when it comes to transfer capabilities (S21 spectra), has also been demonstrated to measure the addiction from the Found receptors level of responsiveness about the running consistency; Two dimensional models happen to be performed about One hundred and four MHz and 208 Megahertz delay lines, covered with a polyisobutylene (PIB) since https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Fulvestrant.html sensitive level to be able to dichloromethane (DCM). A fourfold boost in level of responsiveness ended up being obtained by doubling consistency. Both sensors have been and then understood and analyzed since chem-sensors to detect zinc ions inside fluid mass media. 9-[4-([4-(9anthrylmethoxy)phenyl]sulfanyl methyl)]methyl] anthracene (TDP-AN) was selected as the sensing layer. Results show a comparable response curves for both designed sensors, in terms of limit of detection and dissociation constants Kd values. On the other hand, experimental sensitivity values were of the order of [7.0 ± 2.8] × 108 [°/M] and [16.0 ± 7.6] × 108 [°/M] for 104 MHz and 208 MHz sensors, respectively, confirming that the sensitivity increases with frequency.Exfoliated graphene oxide (GO) was reliably modified with a cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) surfactant to greatly improve the dispersity of the GO in a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) polymer precursor solution. Subsequent electrospinning of the mixture readily resulted in the formation of GO-PAN composite nanofibers containing up to 30 wt % of GO as a filler without notable defects. The absence of common electrospinning problems associated with clogging and phase separation indicated the systematic and uniform integration of the GO within the PAN nanofibers beyond the typical limits. After thoroughly examining the formation and maximum loading efficiency of the modified GO in the PAN nanofibers, the resulting composite nanofibers were thermally treated to form membrane-type sheets. The wettability and pore properties of the composite membranes were notably improved with respect to the pristine PAN nanofiber membrane, possibly due to the reinforcing filler effect. In addition, the more GO loaded into the PAN nanofiber membranes, the higher the removal ability of the methylene blue (MB) and methyl red (MR) dyes in the aqueous system. The adsorption kinetics of a mixed dye solution were also monitored to understand how these MB and MR dyes interact differently with the composite nanofiber membranes. The simple surface modification of the fillers greatly facilitated the integration efficiency and improved the ability to control the overall physical properties of the nanofiber-based membranes, which highly impacted the removal performance of various dyes from water.The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is a global pandemic with increasing incidence and mortality rates. Recent evidence based on the cytokine profiles of severe COVID-19 cases suggests an overstimulation of macrophages and monocytes associated with reduced T-cell abundance (lymphopenia) in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. The SARS-CoV-2 open reading frame 3 a (ORF3a) protein was found to bind to the human HMOX1 protein at a high confidence through high-throughput screening experiments. The HMOX1 pathway can inhibit platelet aggregation, and can have anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory properties, amongst others, all of which are critical medical conditions observed in COVID-19 patients. Here, we review the potential of modulating the HMOX1-ORF3a nexus to regulate the innate immune response for therapeutic benefits in COVID-19 patients. We also review other potential treatment strategies and suggest novel synthetic and natural compounds that may have the potential for future development in clinic.Terrestrial hot springs are of great interest to the general public and to scientists alike due to their unique and extreme conditions. These have been sought out by geochemists, astrobiologists, and microbiologists around the globe who are interested in their chemical properties, which provide a strong selective pressure on local microorganisms. Drivers of microbial community composition in these springs include temperature, pH, in-situ chemistry, and biogeography. Microbes in these communities have evolved strategies to thrive in these conditions by converting hot spring chemicals and organic matter into cellular energy. Following our previous metagenomic analysis of Pisciarelli hot springs (Naples, Italy), we report here the comparative metagenomic study of three novel sites, formed in Pisciarelli as result of recent geothermal activity. This study adds comprehensive information about phylogenetic diversity within Pisciarelli hot springs by peeking into possible mechanisms of adaptation to biogeochemical cycles, and high applicative potential of the entire set of genes involved in the carbohydrate metabolism in this environment (CAZome). This site is an excellent model for the study of biodiversity on Earth and biosignature identification, and for the study of the origin and limits of life.A new design adhesive mixed with flame retardant was developed by an optimized and modified dedicated flame retardant and selected at a suitable proportion between the adhesive and flame retardant as well as the coating amount of the adhesive. The new design adhesive was applied to ecological board production, and the flame-retardant properties of products were examined. The dipping and peeling properties, surface bonding strength, and formaldehyde emission reached the national standard GB/T 34722-2017, the flame retardancy meets the requirements of GB/T 8626-2017, GB/T 20284-2006, GB/T20285-2006, and it also reaches the B1-C level (the nonflammable level in the flame retardant level). This study not only has theoretical guidance but also has strong practical value to provide a basis and data support for the research and development of flame-retardant ecological boards.Little is known about the long-term benefits of breastfeeding for mother's metabolic health. This study aimed to investigate the links between breastfeeding duration and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in perimenopausal women. The analysis included a group of 7621 women aged 55.4 ± 5.4 years. MetS and its components were defined according to the International Diabetes Federation guidelines. Women who breastfed for 13-18 months and beyond 18 months were at lower risk of MetS (odds ratio OR) = 0.76, 95% CI 0.60-0.95; p = 0.017 and OR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.64-0.98; p = 0.030, respectively) than those who never breastfed. Meanwhile, women who breastfed for 7-12 months showed increased glucose concentration (OR = 0.77, 95% CI 0.63-0.94; p = 0.012) compared with those who had never breastfed. The additional analysis involving parity showed that women who had given birth to two babies and breastfed them had lower odds of MetS than those who never breastfed (p 18 months. Women who had given birth to at least three children and breastfed for 1-6 and 13-18 months had lower odds of MetS and increased triglyceride concentration (p less then 0.05). Moreover, participants having breastfed for 1-6 months were found to have a reduced risk of abdominal obesity compared with those who had not breastfed (p less then 0.05). Breastfeeding is associated with lower prevalence of MetS in perimenopausal women and can be recommended as a way of reducing the risk of MetS and its components.The aim of this study is to investigate the glycemic profile, oxidative stress, and antioxidant capacity in athletes after 12 weeks of ubiquinone supplementation. It was a double-blinded, randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled study. Thirty-one well-trained college athletes were randomly assigned to ubiquinone (300 mg/d, n = 17) or placebo group (n = 14). The glycemic profile [fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI)], plasma and erythrocyte malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and ubiquinone status were measured. After supplementation, the plasma ubiquinone concentration was significantly increased (p less then 0.05) and the level of erythrocyte MDA was significantly lower in the ubiquinone group than in the placebo group (p less then 0.01). There was a significant correlation between white blood cell (WBC) ubiquinone and glycemic parameters [HbA1c, r = -0.46, p less then 0.05; HOMA-IR, r = -0.67, p less then 0.01; QUICKI, r = 0.67, p less then 0.01]. In addition, athletes with higher WBC ubiquinone level (?0.5 nmol/g) showed higher erythrocyte TAC and QUICKI and lower HOMA-IR. In conclusion, we demonstrated that athletes may show a better antioxidant capacity with higher ubiquinone status after 12 weeks of supplementation, which may further improve glycemic control.The fallopian tube (FT) is an important reproductive organ in females. The luminal epithelium of the FT is composed of highly polarized secretory and ciliated cells. Recently, accumulating lines of evidence have suggested that the origin of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) is fallopian tube epithelial cells (FTECs). Due to the lack of a high-fidelity model for FTECs in vitro, homeostasis, differentiation, as well as the transformation of FTECs are still enigmatic. In this study, we optimized the culture condition for the stable expansion of basal stem cells, as well as inducing differentiation of basal cells into polarized secretory and ciliated cells in the air-liquid interface (ALI) condition suitable for long-term culture. This storable culture method of FTECs provides a versatile platform for studying differentiation mechanisms, intercellular communication, and transformation to HGSC, as well as the physiological function of the FT in vitro.Bone fractures related to musculoskeletal disorders determine long-term disability in older people with a consequent significant economic burden. The recovery of pathologically impaired tissue architecture allows avoiding bone loss-derived consequences such as bone height reduction, deterioration of bone structure, inflamed bone pain, and high mortality for thighbone fractures. Actually, standard therapy for osteoporosis treatment is based on the systemic administration of biphosphonates and anti-inflammatory drugs, which entail several side effects including gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, fever, and articular pain. Hence, the demand of innovative therapeutic approaches for locally treating bone lesions has been increasing in the last few years. In this scenario, the development of injectable materials loaded with therapeutically active agents (i.e., anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, and peptides mimicking growth factors) could be an effective tool to treat bone loss and inflammation related to musculoskeletal diseases, including osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. According to this challenge, here, we propose three different compositions of injectable calcium phosphates (CaP) as new carrier materials of therapeutic compounds such as bisphosphonates (i.e., alendronate), anti-inflammatory drugs (i.e., diclofenac sodium), and natural molecules (i.e., harpagoside) for the local bone disease treatment. Biological quantitative analyses were performed for screening osteoinductive and anti-inflammatory properties of injectable drug-loaded systems. Meanwhile, cell morphological features were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy and confocal investigations. The results exhibited that the three systems exerted an osteoinductive effect during later phases of osteogenesis. Simultaneously, all compositions showed an anti-inflammatory activity on inflammation in vitro models.Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) remains one of the most common viral infections causing acute respiratory tract infections, especially in young children, elderly, and immunocompromised populations. Clinical symptoms can range from mild respiratory symptoms to severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia. The production of mucus is a common feature during HMPV infection, but its contribution to HMPV-induced pathogenesis and immune response is largely unknown. Mucins are a major component of mucus and they could have an impact on how the host responds to infections. Using an in vitro system and a mouse model of infection, we identified that Mucin 19 is predominantly expressed in the respiratory tract upon HMPV infection. Moreover, the lack of Muc19 led to an improved disease, lower lung viral titers and a decrease in the number of CD4+ T cells. These data indicate that mucin 19 contributes to the activation of the immune response to HMPV and to HMPV-induced pathogenesis.Early feeding after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) placement is an accepted practice in the treatment of adult patients and the knowledge is clinically extrapolated in the treatment of children. To verify this treatment in children-as there are some specific features of PEG-related practices in children-the present study aimed to review meta-analyses of early feeding (within 4 h) after PEG placement in children. We searched the PubMed? database for articles published until July 2020. A quality assessment was performed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation method. Three randomized controlled trials (208 patients) were eligible for inclusion. No patients died within 72 h. Early feeding resulted in little to no difference in the length of hospital stay (mean difference [MD] -7.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] -25.16 to 10.21; I2 = 95%) and vomiting events (risk ratio 0.84, 95% CI 0.55 to 1.31; I2 = 0%). In a subgroup analysis, early feeding without antibiotics reduced the length of hospital stay in one study (MD -21.60, 95% CI -22.86 to -20.34) but early feeding with antibiotics did not affect the length in two studies (MD 0.28, 95% CI -6.49 to 7.06; I2 = 0%). Overall, the certainty of the evidence was not very high. In summary, early feeding after PEG placement may be a safe alternative to delayed feeding in children. The findings in children seemed similar to those in adults, while there is a need for further studies that specifically investigate PEG placement-related practices in children.Calder et al [...].Recent years have seen the idea of a close association between nutrition and the modulation of cancer development/progression reinforced [...].An original vision for the structural formation of (Sm,Zr)(Co,Cu,Fe)Z alloys, the compositions of which show promise for manufacturing high-coercivity permanent magnets, is reported. Foundations arising from the quantitative analysis of alloy microstructures as the first, coarse, level of heterogeneity are considered. The structure of the alloys, in optical resolutions, is shown to be characterized by three structural phase components, which are denoted as A, B, and C and based on the 15, 217, and 27 phases, respectively. As the chemical composition of alloys changes monotonically, the quantitative relationships of the components A, B, and C vary over wide ranges. In this case, the hysteretic properties of the (Sm,Zr)(Co,Cu,Fe)Z alloys in the high-coercivity state are strictly controlled by the volume fractions of the A and B structural components. Based on quantitative relationships of the A, B, and C structural components for the (R,Zr)(Co,Cu,Fe)Z alloys with R = Gd or Sm, sketches of quasi-ternary sections of the (Co,Cu,Fe)-R-Zr phase diagrams at temperatures of 1160-1190 °C and isopleths for the 217-27 phase composition range of the (Co,Cu,Fe)-Sm-Zr system were constructed.The ecological dynamics approach to interpersonal relationships provides theoretical support to the use of kinematic data, obtained with sensor-based systems, in which players of a team are linked mainly by information from the performance environment. Our goal was to capture the properties of synergic behavior in football, using spatiotemporal data from one match of the 2018 FIFA WORLD CUP RUSSIA, to explore the application of player-ball-goal angles in cluster phase analysis. Linear mixed effects models were used to test the statistical significance of different effects, such as team, half(-time), role and pitch zones. Results showed that the cluster phase values (synchronization) for the home team, had a 3.812×10-2±0.536×10-2 increase with respect to the away team (X2(41)=259.8,p less then 0.001) and that changing the role from with ball to without ball increased synchronization by 16.715×10-2±0.283×10-2 (X2(41)=12227.0,p less then 0.001). The interaction between effects was also significant. The player-team relative phase, the player-ball-goal angles relative frequency and the team configurations, showed that variations of synchronization might indicate critical performance changes (ball possession changes, goals scored, etc.). This study captured the ongoing player-environment link and the properties of team synergic behavior, supporting the use of sensor-based data computations in the development of relevant indicators for tactical analysis in sports.A desirable attribute of novel antimicrobial agents for bacterial diarrhea is decreased toxicity toward host intestinal microbiota. In addition, gut dysbiosis is associated with an increased risk of developing intestinal cancer. In this study, the selective growth-inhibitory activities of ten phytochemicals and their synthetic analogs (berberine, bismuth subsalicylate, ferron, 8-hydroxyquinoline, chloroxine, nitroxoline, salicylic acid, sanguinarine, tannic acid, and zinc pyrithione), as well as those of six commercial antibiotics (ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, metronidazole, tetracycline, and vancomycin) against 21 intestinal pathogenic/probiotic (e.g., Salmonella spp. and bifidobacteria) bacterial strains and three intestinal cancer/normal (Caco-2, HT29, and FHs 74 Int) cell lines were examined in vitro using the broth microdilution method and thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide assay. Chloroxine, ciprofloxacin, nitroxoline, tetracycline, and zinc pyrithione exhibited the most potent selective growth-inhibitory activity against pathogens, whereas 8-hydroxyquinoline, chloroxine, nitroxoline, sanguinarine, and zinc pyrithione exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity against cancer cells. None of the tested antibiotics were cytotoxic to normal cells, whereas 8-hydroxyquinoline and sanguinarine exhibited selective antiproliferative activity against cancer cells. These findings indicate that 8-hydroxyquinoline alkaloids and metal-pyridine derivative complexes are chemical structures derived from plants with potential bioactive properties in terms of selective antibacterial and anticancer activities against diarrheagenic bacteria and intestinal cancer cells.To evaluate the predictability of progression of cognitive impairment to dementia using qualitative clock drawing test (CDT) scores, we administered both the CDT using Cahn et al.'s qualitative scoring system and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to assess cognitive function in non-demented older individuals attending a memory clinic at a university hospital. Patients visiting the clinic for assessment of cognitive function between January 2015 and December 2019 were enrolled, and only those who were diagnosed as not having dementia at the time of initial assessment completed a follow-up assessment at 1 y (n = 163). To examine any association of qualitative CDT score with progression to dementia, multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted with the change in diagnosis from non-dementia to dementia at 1 y as the dependent variable. A total of 26 participants (16.0%) were diagnosed as having converted to dementia. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that both the qualitative CDT score using Cahn et al.'s scoring system and the existence of conceptual deficits were significantly associated with progression to dementia at 1 y after initial assessment of cognitive function, irrespective of the MMSE score, among non-demented older individuals. The CDT may be a useful predictor of progression to dementia in primary care settings.In this review, applications of various molecular modelling methods in the study of estrogens and xenoestrogens are summarized. Selected biomolecules that are the most commonly chosen as molecular modelling objects in this field are presented. In most of the reviewed works, ligand docking using solely force field methods was performed, employing various molecular targets involved in metabolism and action of estrogens. Other molecular modelling methods such as molecular dynamics and combined quantum mechanics with molecular mechanics have also been successfully used to predict the properties of estrogens and xenoestrogens. Among published works, a great number also focused on the application of different types of quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analyses to examine estrogen's structures and activities. Although the interactions between estrogens and xenoestrogens with various proteins are the most commonly studied, other aspects such as penetration of estrogens through lipid bilayers or their ability to adsorb on different materials are also explored using theoretical calculations. Apart from molecular mechanics and statistical methods, quantum mechanics calculations are also employed in the studies of estrogens and xenoestrogens. Their applications include computation of spectroscopic properties, both vibrational and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), and also in quantum molecular dynamics simulations and crystal structure prediction. The main aim of this review is to present the great potential and versatility of various molecular modelling methods in the studies on estrogens and xenoestrogens.A wide range of probiotic products is available on the market and can be easily purchased over the counter and unlike pharmaceutical drugs, their commercial distribution is not strictly regulated. In this study, ten probiotic preparations commercially available for children's consumption in the Republic of the Philippines (PH) and the Republic of Korea (SK) have been investigated. The analyses included determination of viable counts and taxonomic identification of the bacterial species present in each formulation. The status of each product was assessed by comparing the results with information and claims provided on the label. In addition to their molecular identification, safety assessment of the isolated strains was conducted by testing for hemolysis, biogenic amine production and antibiotic resistance. One out of the ten products contained lower viable numbers of recovered microorganisms than claimed on the label. Enterococcus strains, although not mentioned on the label, were isolated from four products. Some of these isolates produced biogenic amines and were resistant to one or several antibiotics. Metagenomic analyses of two products revealed that one product did not contain most of the microorganisms declared in its specification. The study demonstrated that some commercial probiotic products for children did not match their label claims. Infants and young children belong to the most vulnerable members of society, and food supplements including probiotics destined for this consumer group require careful checking and strict regulation before commercial distribution.In the work environment, there are usually different pathologies that are related to Repetitive Efforts and Movements (REM) that tend to predominantly affect the upper limbs. To determine whether a worker is at risk of suffering some type of pathology, observation techniques are usually used by qualified technical personnel. In order to define from quantitative data if there is a risk of suffering a pathology due to movements and repetitive efforts in the upper limb, a prototype of a movement measurement system has been designed and manufactured. This system interferes minimally with the activity studied, maintaining a reduced cost of manufacture and use. The system allows the study of the movements made by the subject in the work environment by determining the origin of the Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSD) from the movements of the elbow and wrist, collecting data on the position and accelerations of the arm, forearm and hand, and taking into account the risk factors established for suffering from an MSD high repetition of movements, the use of a high force in a repetitive manner, or the adoption of forced positions. The data obtained with this system can be analyzed by qualified personnel from tables, graphs, and 3D animations at the time of execution, or stored for later analysis.In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized, characterized, and applied to a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) to enhance the efficiency of solar cells. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized with UV-Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The silver nanoparticles infused titanium dioxide film was also characterized by Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy. The performance of DSSC fabricated with silver nanoparticle-modified photoanode was compared with that of a control group. The current and voltage characteristics of the devices as well as the electrochemical impedance measurements were also carried out to assess the performance of the fabricated solar cells. The solar-to-electric efficiency of silver nanoparticles based DSSC was 1.76%, which is quite remarkable compared to the 0.98% realized for DSSC fabricated without silver nanoparticles.Pharmacogenomics-defined as the study of how genes affect a person's response to drugs-is growing in importance for clinical care. Many medications have evidence and drug labeling related to pharmacogenomics and patient care. New evidence supports the use of pharmacogenomics in clinical settings, and genetic testing may optimize medication selection and dosing. Despite these advantages, the integration of pharmacogenomics into clinical decisions remains variable and challenging in certain practice settings. To ensure consistent application across settings, sufficient education amongst current and future healthcare providers is necessary to further integrate pharmacogenomics into routine clinical practice. This review highlights current evidence supporting clinical application of medications with pharmacogenomic labeling. The secondary objective is to review current strategies for educating health professionals and student trainees. One national organization predicts that most regions in the United States will soon contain at least one healthcare system capable of applying pharmacogenomic information. Applying genotype-guided dosing to several FDA-approved medications may help produce beneficial changes in patient outcomes. Identifying best practices for educating health care professionals and trainees remains vitally important for continuing growth of pharmacogenomic services. As pharmacogenomics continues to expand into more areas of healthcare, current and future practitioners must pursue and maintain competence in pharmacogenomics to ensure better outcomes for patients.Calcium sulfide (CaS) inclusion with large and irregular shape is detrimental to the properties of steel. Understanding the shape and distribution of CaS inclusions in a continuous casting (CC) slab is of significance for improving the rolling properties. In this study, CaS inclusions were extracted from CC slab of Ni20Mn6 steel using the electrolytic extraction and investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The CaS inclusions morphologies vary with their locations in the CC slab and, thus, are classified into five categories. The thermodynamics calculated results showed that CaS inclusions precipitated at the end of solidification due to the microsegregation of sulfur and calcium in the interdendrite liquid and finally precipitated along the austenite grain boundary. The macrosegregation degree of solutes in different regions is one of the reasons that affect the size of CaS inclusion. The morphologies of CaS inclusion are affected by the solidification structure of slab and austenite grain boundary.We have recently shown that VAV2, a guanosine nucleotide exchange factor that catalyzes the stimulation step of RHO GTPases, is involved in a stem cell-like (SCL) regenerative proliferation program that is important for the development and subsequent maintenance of the tumorigenesis of both cutaneous (cSCC) and head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (hnSCC). In line with this, we have observed that the levels of the VAV2 mRNA and VAV2-regulated gene signatures are associated with poor prognosis in the case of human papillomavirus-negative hnSCC patients. These results suggest that the SCL program elicited by VAV2 in those cells can harbor therapeutically actionable downstream targets. We have addressed this issue using a combination of both in silico and wet-lab approaches. Here, we show that the VAV2-regulated SCL program does harbor a number of cell cycle- and signaling-related kinases that are essential for the viability of undifferentiated keratinocytes and hnSCC patient-derived cells endowed with high levels of VAV2 activity. Our results also show that the VAV2-regulated SCL gene signature is associated with poor hnSCC patient prognosis. Collectively, these data underscore the critical role of this VAV2-regulated SCL program for the viability of both preneoplastic and fully transformed keratinocytes.Chemotherapy based on the sequential use of anthracyclines and taxanes has long represented the most efficacious approach in the management of early-stage, triple-negative breast cancer, whose aggressive behavior is widely renowned. This standard chemotherapy backbone was subsequently enriched by the use of carboplatin, based on its association with increased pathologic complete response and efficacy in the metastatic setting. Following the results from the IMpassion130 trial, the recent approval of the immunotherapic agent atezolizumab in combination with chemotherapy as first-line treatment for programmed-death ligand 1-positive, unresectable locally advanced, or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer increasingly fueled the flourishing of trials of immune-checkpoint inhibitors in the early setting. In this work, we review the most recent inherent literature in light of key methodological issues and provide a quantitative summary of the results from phase II-III randomized trials of immunotherapic agents combined with chemotherapy in the setting of interest. Hints regarding future directions are also discussed.Europium, terbium, dysprosium, and samarium are the main trivalent lanthanide ions emitting in the visible spectrum. In this work, the potential of these ions for colorimetric applications and colour reproduction was studied. The conversion of spectral data to colour coordinates was undertaken for three sets of Ln complexes composed of different ligands. We showed that Eu is the most sensitive of the visible Ln ions, regarding ligand-induced colour shifts, due to its hypersensitive transition. Further investigation on the spectral bandwidth of the emission detector, on the wavelengths' accuracy, on the instrumental correction function, and on the use of incorrect intensity units confirm that the instrumental correction function is the most important spectrophotometric parameter to take into account in order to produce accurate colour values. Finally, we established and discussed the entire colour range (gamut) that can be generated by combining a red-emitting Eu complex with a green-emitting Tb complex and a blue fluorescent compound. The importance of choosing a proper white point is demonstrated. The potential of using different sets of complexes with different spectral fingerprints in order to obtain metameric colours suitable for anti-counterfeiting is also highlighted. This work answers many questions that could arise during a colorimetric analysis of luminescent probes.